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Rule Fog Hunter

Pico do Arieiro - Fog Hunter - Madeira

Funchal, Madeira, Portugal

Thick, moody fog for atmospheric forest and landscape shots

Currently

Real-time conditions
Fog Probability
69%
Dewpoint Spread1.1°C
Visibility178 (Dense fog)
Relative Humidity93%
Wind Speed1.8m/s (calm conditions)

Upcoming Opportunities

When all conditions match, PhotoWeather marks an opportunity window.

Times shown in Atlantic/Madeira
fog weather icon
Next opportunity
Dense Fog
Pico do Arieiro
Today · 08:00–10:00 · 2h window
Medium confidence
68%
🌫️Fog Probability77.3-100%
Dewpoint Spread: 0.4°C
Visibility: 115 (Dense fog)
Relative Humidity: 97%
Wind Speed: 2.0m/s (calm conditions)
fog weather icon
Dense Fog at Sunset
Pico do Arieiro
Tomorrow · 21:00–22:00
🌫️Fog Probability:100%
High
fog weather icon
Dense Fog
Pico do Arieiro
Tomorrow · 22:00–23:00
🌫️Fog Probability:100%
High

What this forecast looks for

Plain-language explanation from the rule

This forecast predicts when temperature inversions and cloud formations create Madeira's signature above-cloud and below-cloud fog photography opportunities. We track overnight cooling, humidity, Atlantic weather patterns, and elevation to identify when fog fills valleys while peaks emerge above the cloud line.

Madeira's elevation changes—rising from sea level to 1,818 meters at Pico do Arieiro—create extraordinary temperature inversions. Prevailing northeast trade winds mean cloud formations are frequent and predictable. Volcanic peaks pierce clouds while laurel forest levadas disappear into mist.

What makes Madeira fog photography special:

  • Above-cloud peaks - Pico do Arieiro and Pico Ruivo rise above the cloud line at sunrise, creating sea-of-clouds vistas
  • Levada mist - Ancient irrigation channels through laurel forest become atmospheric trails when fog drifts through valleys
  • Coastal fog layers - Funchal's amphitheater setting means fog fills the harbour while hills remain clear, or vice versa
  • Temperature inversions - Trade wind clouds create a stable cloud base around 1,200-1,500 meters for above-cloud photography

Pico do Arieiro at sunrise offers the iconic composition—arrive before dawn to photograph the volcanic peak above an endless white cloud sea, with Pico Ruivo visible as an island in the mist. Funchal's harbour and botanical gardens create stunning compositions when morning fog pools in the valley while upper terraces remain clear. Ribeira Brava's deep valley traps fog that burns off dramatically. The levada trails become magical when fog drifts through ancient laurel forest. São Vicente's north valley frequently fills with fog when the south remains clear due to rain shadow effect. Winter and spring provide the most reliable inversions.

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72-hour requirements breakdown

What passed or failed, hour by hour
4matching hours in the next 75 hoursJump to next match
AND logic: all conditions required
Meets requirement
Misses requirement
Time
Atlantic/Madeira
Fog Probability
≥ 75.0%
Mon, May 18
05:0069%
06:0067%
07:0065%
08:00100%
09:0077%
10:000%
11:000%
12:000%
13:000%
14:000%
15:000%
16:000%
17:000%
18:000%
19:000%
20:000%
21:000%
22:000%
23:000%
Tue, May 19
24:000%
01:000%
02:000%
03:000%
04:0069%
05:0055%
06:0055%
07:0055%
08:000%
09:000%
10:000%
11:000%
12:000%
13:000%
14:000%
15:000%
16:000%
17:000%
18:000%
19:000%
20:000%
21:00100%
22:00100%
23:000%
Wed, May 20
24:000%
01:000%
02:000%
03:000%
04:000%
05:000%
06:000%
07:000%
08:000%
09:000%
10:000%
11:000%
12:000%
13:000%
14:000%
15:000%
16:000%
17:000%
18:000%
19:000%
20:000%
21:000%
22:000%
23:000%
Thu, May 21
24:000%
01:000%
02:000%
03:000%
04:000%
05:000%
06:000%
07:000%
How to read: colored cells show whether each predicate requirement is met; highlighted rows mean the full rule matched (an opportunity).

What does Fog Probability mean?

Inputs that drive the score

This derived score summarizes multiple raw weather signals. The table below shows the supporting inputs hour by hour, so you can see what's pushing the score up or down.

Time
Atlantic/Madeira
Clear Sky Probability (Ensemble)
%
Dew Point
°C
Rainfall
mm
Relative Humidity
%
Snowfall
cm
Solar Elevation
°
Temperature
°C
Total Precipitation
mm
Vapor Pressure Deficit
kPa
Visibility
m
Wind Gusts
m/s
Wind Speed
m/s
Mon, May 18 Sunrise 07:07 Sunset 21:01
09:00
46% 11°C 0mm 93% 0cm 22° 12°C 0.13mm 0.1kPa 178m 2.5m/s 1.8m/s
10:00
52% 11°C 0mm 84% 0cm 34° 14°C 0.13mm 0.24kPa 2041m 2.3m/s 1.6m/s
11:00
58% 11°C 0mm 75% 0cm 47° 15°C 0.13mm 0.44kPa 24134m 1.9m/s 1.4m/s
12:00
63% 11°C 0mm 71% 0cm 59° 16°C 0.13mm 0.53kPa 24135m 1.5m/s 0.89m/s
13:00
69% 11°C 0mm 70% 0cm 71° 17°C 0.19mm 0.56kPa 24134m 1.4m/s 0.87m/s
14:00
74% 11°C 0mm 70% 0cm 77° 17°C 0mm 0.56kPa 24134m 1.6m/s 0.98m/s
15:00
79% 12°C 0mm 71% 0cm 72° 17°C 0mm 0.55kPa 24135m 1.4m/s 0.92m/s
16:00
84% 12°C 0mm 75% 0cm 61° 16°C 0.06mm 0.46kPa 24134m 1.7m/s 1.2m/s
17:00
71% 12°C 0mm 78% 0cm 49° 15°C 0.13mm 0.37kPa 24134m 2.2m/s 1.3m/s
18:00
59% 11°C 0mm 82% 0cm 36° 15°C 0.13mm 0.3kPa 10998m 2.2m/s 1.3m/s
19:00
46% 11°C 0mm 84% 0cm 24° 14°C 0.19mm 0.25kPa 24134m 2.4m/s 1.5m/s
20:00
31% 11°C 0mm 84% 0cm 11° 13°C 0mm 0.24kPa 24135m 2.6m/s 1.7m/s
21:00
16% 11°C 0mm 93% 0cm 0.03° 12°C 0mm 0.1kPa 2286m 2m/s 1.5m/s
22:00 ☾
1% 10°C 0mm 94% 0cm -12° 11°C 0mm 0.07kPa 22890m 1.4m/s 1.1m/s
23:00 ☾
1% 9.4°C 0mm 91% 0cm -22° 11°C 0mm 0.11kPa 24135m 1m/s 1.1m/s
Tue, May 19 Sunrise 07:07 Sunset 21:01
24:00 ☾
0% 9.3°C 0mm 90% 0cm -30° 11°C 0mm 0.13kPa 24134m 1.1m/s 1.2m/s
01:00 ☾
0% 9.4°C 0mm 91% 0cm -35° 11°C 0mm 0.12kPa 24135m 1m/s 1.1m/s
02:00 ☾
4% 9.5°C 0mm 92% 0cm -38° 11°C 0mm 0.11kPa 24135m 1m/s 1.1m/s
03:00 ☾
7% 9.5°C 0mm 93% 0cm -36° 11°C 0mm 0.09kPa 24134m 1.1m/s 1.2m/s
04:00 ☾
11% 9.7°C 0.01mm 95% 0cm -31° 10°C 0mm 0.06kPa 1982m 1.2m/s 1.4m/s
05:00 ☾
15% 9.9°C 0.01mm 96% 0cm -23° 11°C 0mm 0.05kPa 24134m 1.8m/s 1.4m/s
06:00 ☾
18% 9.8°C 0mm 96% 0cm -13° 10°C 0mm 0.05kPa 24135m 1.8m/s 1.4m/s
07:00 ☾
22% 10°C 0mm 97% 0cm -1.9° 11°C 0.06mm 0.04kPa 24135m 1.9m/s 1.4m/s
08:00
33% 11°C 0mm 93% 0cm 9.8° 12°C 0mm 0.09kPa 3892m 1.8m/s 1.4m/s
09:00
44% 11°C 0mm 86% 0cm 22° 13°C 0mm 0.21kPa 3706m 1.4m/s 1.1m/s
10:00
55% 11°C 0mm 79% 0cm 35° 15°C 0mm 0.35kPa 2394m 1m/s 0.73m/s
11:00
50% 11°C 0mm 71% 0cm 47° 17°C 0mm 0.55kPa 24134m 0.9m/s 0.62m/s
12:00
46% 12°C 0mm 68% 0cm 59° 18°C 0mm 0.66kPa 24135m 1.2m/s 0.89m/s
13:00
41% 12°C 0mm 69% 0cm 71° 18°C 0.06mm 0.65kPa 1542m 1.4m/s 1.1m/s
14:00
48% 13°C 0.01mm 68% 0cm 77° 19°C 0mm 0.68kPa 1514m 1.5m/s 1.1m/s
15:00
54% 13°C 0mm 70% 0cm 72° 18°C 0.06mm 0.63kPa 1506m 1.6m/s 1.2m/s
16:00
61% 13°C 0mm 72% 0cm 61° 18°C 0.06mm 0.56kPa 1527m 1.6m/s 1.3m/s
17:00
65% 12°C 0mm 73% 0cm 49° 17°C 0.06mm 0.52kPa 1578m 1.5m/s 1.1m/s
18:00
68% 13°C 0mm 77% 0cm 36° 17°C 0.06mm 0.44kPa 1517m 1.4m/s 0.93m/s
19:00
72% 13°C 0mm 79% 0cm 24° 16°C 0.06mm 0.38kPa 1642m 1.3m/s 0.94m/s
20:00
76% 12°C 0mm 84% 0cm 12° 15°C 0mm 0.26kPa 1640m 1m/s 0.71m/s
21:00
80% 12°C 0mm 96% 0cm 0.14° 13°C 0mm 0.06kPa 518m 0.42m/s 0.31m/s
22:00 ☾
84% 12°C 0mm 97% 0cm -11° 12°C 0mm 0.04kPa 256m 0.7m/s 0.16m/s
23:00 ☾
84% 11°C 0mm 95% 0cm -21° 12°C 0mm 0.07kPa 24135m 0.71m/s 0.33m/s
Wed, May 20 Sunrise 07:06 Sunset 21:02
24:00 ☾
85% 10°C 0mm 93% 0cm -30° 11°C 0mm 0.1kPa 24134m 0.61m/s 0.41m/s
01:00 ☾
85% 10°C 0mm 90% 0cm -35° 12°C 0mm 0.14kPa 24135m 0.71m/s 0.63m/s
02:00 ☾
84% 9.9°C 0mm 92% 0cm -37° 11°C 0mm 0.11kPa 24134m 0.63m/s 0.62m/s
03:00 ☾
83% 9.9°C 0mm 93% 0cm -36° 11°C 0mm 0.1kPa 24134m 1m/s 1m/s
04:00 ☾
82% 10°C 0mm 94% 0cm -31° 11°C 0mm 0.08kPa 24135m 1.1m/s 1.1m/s
05:00 ☾
77% 10°C 0mm 95% 0cm -23° 11°C 0mm 0.07kPa 24134m 1m/s 1m/s
06:00 ☾
71% 9.7°C 0mm 94% 0cm -13° 11°C 0mm 0.08kPa 24135m 0.92m/s 0.86m/s
07:00 ☾
66% 9.5°C 0mm 93% 0cm -1.8° 11°C 0mm 0.09kPa 24134m 0.8m/s 0.71m/s
08:00
59% 10°C 0mm 87% 0cm 9.9° 12°C 0mm 0.19kPa 24134m 0.5m/s 0.45m/s
09:00
51% 10°C 0mm 72% 0cm 22° 15°C 0mm 0.48kPa 24134m 0.3m/s 0.23m/s
10:00
44% 10°C 0mm 60% 0cm 35° 18°C 0mm 0.83kPa 24135m 0.52m/s 0.16m/s
11:00
48% 9.5°C 0mm 53% 0cm 47° 19°C 0mm 1.1kPa 24135m 1.2m/s 0.35m/s
12:00
53% 11°C 0mm 55% 0cm 60° 20°C 0mm 1.1kPa 22776m 1.1m/s 0.33m/s
13:00
57% 12°C 0mm 57% 0cm 71° 21°C 0mm 1.1kPa 22855m 1.1m/s 0.48m/s
14:00
62% 13°C 0mm 65% 0cm 77° 20°C 0mm 0.82kPa 23282m 1.4m/s 0.95m/s
15:00
68% 15°C 0mm 73% 0cm 72° 19°C 0mm 0.6kPa 23709m 1.7m/s 1.4m/s
16:00
73% 16°C 0mm 82% 0cm 61° 19°C 0mm 0.39kPa 24135m 2m/s 1.9m/s
17:00
66% 16°C 0mm 83% 0cm 49° 19°C 0mm 0.37kPa 24135m 1.7m/s 1.5m/s
18:00
60% 16°C 0mm 84% 0cm 36° 19°C 0mm 0.35kPa 24135m 1.3m/s 1.2m/s
19:00
53% 16°C 0mm 84% 0cm 24° 19°C 0mm 0.33kPa 24135m 0.9m/s 0.79m/s
20:00
39% 16°C 0mm 84% 0cm 12° 19°C 0mm 0.35kPa 24135m 0.97m/s 0.85m/s
21:00
25% 16°C 0mm 83% 0cm 0.25° 19°C 0mm 0.36kPa 24135m 1m/s 0.91m/s
22:00 ☾
11% 15°C 0mm 82% 0cm -11° 19°C 0mm 0.38kPa 24135m 1.1m/s 0.97m/s
23:00 ☾
8% 15°C 0mm 82% 0cm -21° 18°C 0mm 0.38kPa 24135m 1.7m/s 1.6m/s
Thu, May 21 Sunrise 07:06 Sunset 21:02
24:00 ☾
4% 15°C 0mm 82% 0cm -29° 18°C 0mm 0.37kPa 24135m 2.3m/s 2.2m/s
01:00 ☾
1% 15°C 0mm 82% 0cm -35° 18°C 0mm 0.37kPa 24135m 3m/s 2.9m/s
02:00 ☾
6% 15°C 0mm 82% 0cm -37° 18°C 0mm 0.39kPa 24135m 2.6m/s 2.6m/s
03:00 ☾
10% 15°C 0mm 81% 0cm -36° 18°C 0mm 0.41kPa 24135m 2.2m/s 2.3m/s
04:00 ☾
15% 15°C 0mm 80% 0cm -30° 19°C 0mm 0.42kPa 24135m 1.8m/s 2.1m/s
05:00 ☾
16% 15°C 0mm 80% 0cm -23° 18°C 0mm 0.42kPa 24135m 2.3m/s 2.6m/s
06:00 ☾
16% 15°C 0mm 80% 0cm -13° 18°C 0mm 0.42kPa 24135m 2.8m/s 3m/s
07:00 ☾
17% 15°C 0mm 80% 0cm -1.7° 18°C 0mm 0.42kPa 24135m 3.3m/s 3.5m/s
08:00
35% 15°C 0mm 79% 0cm 10° 19°C 0mm 0.44kPa 24135m 3.1m/s 3.2m/s
How to read: these inputs help produce the derived score; they are not requirements by themselves.

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