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Rule Fog Hunter

Funchal - Fog Hunter - Madeira

Funchal, Madeira, Portugal

Thick, moody fog for atmospheric forest and landscape shots

Currently

Real-time conditions
Fog Probability
69%
Dewpoint Spread0.8°C
Visibility108 (Dense fog)
Relative Humidity95%
Wind Speed2.7m/s (calm conditions)

Upcoming Opportunities

When all conditions match, PhotoWeather marks an opportunity window.

Times shown in Atlantic/Madeira
fog weather icon
Next opportunity
Moderate Fog at Sunrise
Funchal
Tomorrow · 07:00–08:00 · 1h window
Medium confidence
48%
🌫️Fog Probability80%
Dewpoint Spread: 0.9°C
Visibility: 994 (Fog)
Relative Humidity: 94%
Wind Speed: 2.6m/s (calm conditions)
fog weather icon
Moderate Fog
Funchal
Tomorrow · 08:00–09:00
🌫️Fog Probability:80%
Medium

What this forecast looks for

Plain-language explanation from the rule

This forecast predicts when temperature inversions and cloud formations create Madeira's signature above-cloud and below-cloud fog photography opportunities. We track overnight cooling, humidity, Atlantic weather patterns, and elevation to identify when fog fills valleys while peaks emerge above the cloud line.

Madeira's elevation changes—rising from sea level to 1,818 meters at Pico do Arieiro—create extraordinary temperature inversions. Prevailing northeast trade winds mean cloud formations are frequent and predictable. Volcanic peaks pierce clouds while laurel forest levadas disappear into mist.

What makes Madeira fog photography special:

  • Above-cloud peaks - Pico do Arieiro and Pico Ruivo rise above the cloud line at sunrise, creating sea-of-clouds vistas
  • Levada mist - Ancient irrigation channels through laurel forest become atmospheric trails when fog drifts through valleys
  • Coastal fog layers - Funchal's amphitheater setting means fog fills the harbour while hills remain clear, or vice versa
  • Temperature inversions - Trade wind clouds create a stable cloud base around 1,200-1,500 meters for above-cloud photography

Pico do Arieiro at sunrise offers the iconic composition—arrive before dawn to photograph the volcanic peak above an endless white cloud sea, with Pico Ruivo visible as an island in the mist. Funchal's harbour and botanical gardens create stunning compositions when morning fog pools in the valley while upper terraces remain clear. Ribeira Brava's deep valley traps fog that burns off dramatically. The levada trails become magical when fog drifts through ancient laurel forest. São Vicente's north valley frequently fills with fog when the south remains clear due to rain shadow effect. Winter and spring provide the most reliable inversions.

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72-hour requirements breakdown

What passed or failed, hour by hour
2matching hours in the next 95 hoursJump to next match
AND logic: all conditions required
Meets requirement
Misses requirement
Time
Atlantic/Madeira
Fog Probability
≥ 75.0%
Fri, May 15
03:0048%
04:0030%
05:0058%
06:0061%
07:000%
08:000%
09:000%
10:000%
11:000%
12:000%
13:000%
14:000%
15:000%
16:000%
17:000%
18:000%
19:000%
20:000%
21:000%
22:000%
23:000%
Sat, May 16
24:000%
01:000%
02:000%
03:0069%
04:000%
05:000%
06:000%
07:0055%
08:000%
09:000%
10:000%
11:000%
12:000%
13:000%
14:000%
15:000%
16:000%
17:000%
18:000%
19:000%
20:000%
21:000%
22:000%
23:000%
Sun, May 17
24:000%
01:000%
02:000%
03:000%
04:000%
05:000%
06:000%
07:0080%
08:0080%
09:000%
10:000%
11:000%
12:000%
13:000%
14:000%
15:000%
16:000%
17:000%
18:000%
19:000%
20:000%
21:000%
22:000%
23:000%
Mon, May 18
24:000%
01:000%
02:000%
03:000%
04:000%
05:000%
06:000%
07:000%
08:000%
09:000%
10:000%
11:000%
12:000%
13:000%
14:000%
15:000%
16:000%
17:000%
18:000%
19:000%
20:000%
21:000%
22:000%
23:000%
Tue, May 19
24:000%
01:000%
How to read: colored cells show whether each predicate requirement is met; highlighted rows mean the full rule matched (an opportunity).

What does Fog Probability mean?

Inputs that drive the score

This derived score summarizes multiple raw weather signals. The table below shows the supporting inputs hour by hour, so you can see what's pushing the score up or down.

Time
Atlantic/Madeira
Clear Sky Probability (Ensemble)
%
Dew Point
°C
Rainfall
mm
Relative Humidity
%
Snowfall
cm
Solar Elevation
°
Temperature
°C
Total Precipitation
mm
Vapor Pressure Deficit
kPa
Visibility
m
Wind Gusts
m/s
Wind Speed
m/s
Sat, May 16 Sunrise 07:08 Sunset 20:59
03:00 ☾
15% 8.1°C 0mm 95% 0cm -37° 8.9°C 0.06mm 0.06kPa 108m 4.2m/s 2.7m/s
04:00 ☾
13% 8.6°C 0mm 94% 0cm -31° 9.5°C 0.06mm 0.07kPa 24134m 4.6m/s 3.1m/s
05:00 ☾
17% 8.6°C 0mm 92% 0cm -23° 9.9°C 0.13mm 0.1kPa 24135m 4.4m/s 2.8m/s
06:00 ☾
21% 8.1°C 0mm 95% 0cm -13° 8.9°C 0.13mm 0.06kPa 24134m 4m/s 2.6m/s
07:00 ☾
25% 7.2°C 0mm 95% 0cm -2.3° 8°C 0.13mm 0.05kPa 24135m 3.9m/s 2.5m/s
08:00
28% 7.4°C 0mm 91% 0cm 9.5° 8.8°C 0mm 0.1kPa 24135m 3.8m/s 2.4m/s
09:00
31% 7.8°C 0mm 78% 0cm 22° 11°C 0mm 0.29kPa 24135m 3.6m/s 2.6m/s
10:00
34% 8.9°C 0mm 74% 0cm 34° 13°C 0mm 0.39kPa 24134m 3.4m/s 2.5m/s
11:00
29% 9.3°C 0mm 72% 0cm 47° 14°C 0mm 0.46kPa 24135m 2.8m/s 2.1m/s
12:00
25% 9.5°C 0mm 68% 0cm 59° 15°C 0mm 0.55kPa 24135m 2.6m/s 1.8m/s
13:00
20% 9.6°C 0mm 66% 0cm 70° 16°C 0mm 0.61kPa 24135m 2.2m/s 1.5m/s
14:00
28% 9.5°C 0mm 65% 0cm 76° 16°C 0mm 0.64kPa 24134m 1.9m/s 1.3m/s
15:00
37% 9.5°C 0mm 64% 0cm 72° 16°C 0mm 0.66kPa 5395m 2m/s 1.3m/s
16:00
45% 9.3°C 0mm 65% 0cm 61° 16°C 0mm 0.63kPa 24134m 1.7m/s 1.1m/s
17:00
48% 9.6°C 0mm 69% 0cm 49° 15°C 0mm 0.53kPa 24134m 1.9m/s 1.3m/s
18:00
50% 9.6°C 0mm 74% 0cm 36° 14°C 0mm 0.41kPa 12850m 2.1m/s 1.6m/s
19:00
53% 9.4°C 0mm 78% 0cm 23° 13°C 0.06mm 0.34kPa 2328m 2.4m/s 1.8m/s
20:00
63% 9.1°C 0mm 81% 0cm 11° 12°C 0mm 0.28kPa 5487m 2.5m/s 1.9m/s
21:00 ☾
73% 9.1°C 0mm 89% 0cm -0.39° 11°C 0mm 0.14kPa 24134m 2.9m/s 2.1m/s
22:00 ☾
83% 8.7°C 0mm 93% 0cm -12° 9.8°C 0mm 0.09kPa 24135m 3.3m/s 2.2m/s
23:00 ☾
77% 8.4°C 0mm 94% 0cm -22° 9.4°C 0mm 0.08kPa 24134m 3.3m/s 2m/s
Sun, May 17 Sunrise 07:08 Sunset 20:59
24:00 ☾
72% 8.1°C 0mm 94% 0cm -30° 9°C 0mm 0.07kPa 24135m 3.1m/s 2.1m/s
01:00 ☾
66% 7.6°C 0mm 92% 0cm -36° 8.8°C 0mm 0.09kPa 24135m 2.9m/s 2m/s
02:00 ☾
51% 7.3°C 0mm 90% 0cm -38° 8.8°C 0mm 0.11kPa 24135m 2.5m/s 1.9m/s
03:00 ☾
35% 6.9°C 0mm 90% 0cm -36° 8.5°C 0mm 0.11kPa 24135m 2.5m/s 1.9m/s
04:00 ☾
20% 6.7°C 0mm 89% 0cm -31° 8.5°C 0mm 0.13kPa 24135m 2.5m/s 2m/s
05:00 ☾
22% 6.6°C 0mm 90% 0cm -23° 8.2°C 0mm 0.11kPa 24135m 2.4m/s 1.9m/s
06:00 ☾
23% 6.7°C 0mm 92% 0cm -13° 8°C 0mm 0.09kPa 2947m 3.1m/s 2.1m/s
07:00 ☾
25% 7.4°C 0mm 94% 0cm -2.2° 8.3°C 0.06mm 0.06kPa 994m 3.6m/s 2.6m/s
08:00
25% 8.1°C 0mm 92% 0cm 9.6° 9.3°C 0mm 0.09kPa 561m 3.9m/s 2.7m/s
09:00
24% 8.4°C 0mm 85% 0cm 22° 11°C 0mm 0.19kPa 24134m 3.2m/s 2.3m/s
10:00
24% 8.3°C 0mm 75% 0cm 34° 13°C 0.06mm 0.36kPa 24135m 2.6m/s 2.1m/s
11:00
21% 7.9°C 0mm 65% 0cm 47° 14°C 0.06mm 0.58kPa 24134m 2.4m/s 2m/s
12:00
19% 8°C 0mm 61% 0cm 59° 15°C 0.06mm 0.68kPa 24134m 2.2m/s 1.8m/s
13:00
16% 7.9°C 0mm 60% 0cm 70° 16°C 0.06mm 0.72kPa 24134m 2.2m/s 1.7m/s
14:00
24% 8.3°C 0mm 57% 0cm 77° 17°C 0mm 0.81kPa 24135m 1.6m/s 1.1m/s
15:00
33% 8.6°C 0mm 61% 0cm 72° 16°C 0.06mm 0.71kPa 24135m 1.4m/s 0.85m/s
16:00
41% 8.6°C 0mm 65% 0cm 61° 15°C 0.06mm 0.59kPa 24134m 1.9m/s 1.4m/s
17:00
44% 8.7°C 0mm 68% 0cm 49° 14°C 0.06mm 0.53kPa 24134m 2.5m/s 2m/s
18:00
48% 8.9°C 0mm 72% 0cm 36° 14°C 0.06mm 0.43kPa 24135m 2.9m/s 2.4m/s
19:00
51% 8.9°C 0mm 76% 0cm 24° 13°C 0.13mm 0.37kPa 24135m 2.4m/s 1.9m/s
20:00
59% 8.9°C 0mm 82% 0cm 11° 12°C 0mm 0.26kPa 2113m 2.4m/s 1.9m/s
21:00
67% 9.1°C 0mm 91% 0cm -0.17° 11°C 0mm 0.11kPa 2446m 2.3m/s 1.7m/s
22:00 ☾
75% 8.8°C 0mm 93% 0cm -12° 9.9°C 0mm 0.09kPa 7629m 2.7m/s 1.9m/s
23:00 ☾
78% 8.1°C 0mm 91% 0cm -22° 9.5°C 0mm 0.1kPa 24134m 2.7m/s 1.8m/s
Mon, May 18 Sunrise 07:07 Sunset 21:00
24:00 ☾
80% 7.2°C 0mm 91% 0cm -30° 8.6°C 0mm 0.1kPa 24134m 2.3m/s 1.8m/s
01:00 ☾
83% 6.4°C 0mm 86% 0cm -36° 8.6°C 0mm 0.16kPa 24135m 2.4m/s 1.9m/s
02:00 ☾
81% 5.8°C 0mm 83% 0cm -38° 8.6°C 0mm 0.19kPa 24134m 1.4m/s 1.7m/s
03:00 ☾
79% 5.7°C 0mm 83% 0cm -36° 8.3°C 0mm 0.18kPa 24134m 1.5m/s 1.7m/s
04:00 ☾
77% 6°C 0mm 87% 0cm -31° 8.1°C 0mm 0.14kPa 24134m 1.4m/s 1.6m/s
05:00 ☾
76% 6.2°C 0mm 88% 0cm -23° 8.1°C 0mm 0.13kPa 24134m 1.3m/s 1.4m/s
06:00 ☾
75% 6.2°C 0mm 88% 0cm -13° 8.1°C 0mm 0.13kPa 24135m 1.3m/s 1.4m/s
07:00 ☾
74% 6.1°C 0mm 88% 0cm -2.1° 8.1°C 0mm 0.13kPa 24135m 1.3m/s 1.4m/s
08:00
69% 8.4°C 0mm 82% 0cm 9.7° 11°C 0mm 0.25kPa 24135m 1.8m/s 2.1m/s
09:00
63% 11°C 0mm 76% 0cm 22° 15°C 0mm 0.4kPa 24135m 2.3m/s 2.7m/s
10:00
58% 12°C 0mm 70% 0cm 34° 18°C 0mm 0.62kPa 24135m 2.8m/s 3.4m/s
11:00
58% 13°C 0mm 70% 0cm 47° 18°C 0mm 0.62kPa 24135m 3m/s 3.6m/s
12:00
58% 13°C 0mm 71% 0cm 59° 18°C 0mm 0.61kPa 24135m 3.2m/s 3.8m/s
13:00
58% 13°C 0mm 71% 0cm 71° 18°C 0mm 0.6kPa 24135m 3.4m/s 4.1m/s
14:00
63% 13°C 0mm 71% 0cm 77° 18°C 0mm 0.6kPa 24135m 2.6m/s 2.8m/s
15:00
69% 13°C 0mm 71% 0cm 72° 18°C 0mm 0.6kPa 24135m 1.7m/s 1.6m/s
16:00
74% 13°C 0mm 72% 0cm 61° 18°C 0mm 0.59kPa 24135m 0.86m/s 0.3m/s
17:00
74% 13°C 0mm 71% 0cm 49° 18°C 0mm 0.61kPa 24135m 1.3m/s 0.99m/s
18:00
74% 12°C 0mm 70% 0cm 36° 18°C 0mm 0.62kPa 24135m 1.7m/s 1.7m/s
19:00
74% 12°C 0mm 69% 0cm 24° 18°C 0mm 0.64kPa 24135m 2.1m/s 2.4m/s
20:00
76% 12°C 0mm 69% 0cm 11° 18°C 0mm 0.63kPa 24135m 1.8m/s 2m/s
21:00
77% 12°C 0mm 70% 0cm 0.03° 18°C 0mm 0.62kPa 24135m 1.6m/s 1.6m/s
22:00 ☾
79% 12°C 0mm 70% 0cm -12° 18°C 0mm 0.61kPa 24135m 1.3m/s 1.2m/s
23:00 ☾
79% 12°C 0mm 71% 0cm -22° 18°C 0mm 0.59kPa 24135m 1.3m/s 1.2m/s
Tue, May 19 Sunrise 07:07 Sunset 21:01
24:00 ☾
78% 12°C 0mm 71% 0cm -30° 17°C 0mm 0.57kPa 24135m 1.3m/s 1.2m/s
01:00 ☾
78% 12°C 0mm 72% 0cm -35° 17°C 0mm 0.54kPa 24135m 1.2m/s 1.2m/s
02:00 ☾
76% 12°C 0mm 72% 0cm -38° 17°C 0mm 0.55kPa 24135m 1.2m/s 0.94m/s
How to read: these inputs help produce the derived score; they are not requirements by themselves.

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